Assessment tools
- Web vulnerability scanners assess web application security posture.
- OWASP ZAP proxies requests and responses while analyzing web application behavior.
- Nikto focuses on web server scanning.
- Nessus, OpenVAS, and Qualys support vulnerability scanning workflows.
Software concepts
- SDLC provides a predictable framework for requirements, reliability, cost, and delivery.
- Static code analysis reviews code without executing it.
- Dynamic code analysis reviews behavior while code executes.
- Fuzzing injects invalid or unexpected input to test application reactions.
Enumeration and attack tooling
- Nmap scans open ports and can perform additional network operations.
- Responder can answer NBT and LLMNR name requests.
- Aircrack-ng is a set of command-line tools for wireless testing.
- Hashcat is a GPU-based hash cracking tool.
Cloud assessment
ScoutSuite, Prowler, and Pacu all live in the cloud assessment conversation. One collects and reports, one checks AWS benchmark gaps, and one exists because cloud mistakes deserve consequences.